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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>29.4. __main__ — Top-level script environment — Python 3.6.7 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 3.6.7 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="29.5. warnings — Warning control" href="warnings.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="29.3. builtins — Built-in objects" href="builtins.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/__main__.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head><body> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="warnings.html" title="29.5. warnings — Warning control" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="builtins.html" title="29.3. builtins — Built-in objects" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">3.6.7 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="python.html" accesskey="U">29. Python Runtime Services</a> »</li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script> | </li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <div class="section" id="module-__main__"> <span id="main-top-level-script-environment"></span><h1>29.4. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where the top-level script is run."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a> — Top-level script environment<a class="headerlink" href="#module-__main__" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <hr class="docutils" /> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'__main__'</span></code> is the name of the scope in which top-level code executes. A module’s __name__ is set equal to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'__main__'</span></code> when read from standard input, a script, or from an interactive prompt.</p> <p>A module can discover whether or not it is running in the main scope by checking its own <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__</span></code>, which allows a common idiom for conditionally executing code in a module when it is run as a script or with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-m</span></code> but not when it is imported:</p> <div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"__main__"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1"># execute only if run as a script</span> <span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>For a package, the same effect can be achieved by including a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__.py</span></code> module, the contents of which will be executed when the module is run with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-m</span></code>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="builtins.html" title="previous chapter">29.3. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins</span></code> — Built-in objects</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="warnings.html" title="next chapter">29.5. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings</span></code> — Warning control</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.6/Doc/library/__main__.rst" rel="nofollow">Show Source </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="warnings.html" title="29.5. warnings — Warning control" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="builtins.html" title="29.3. builtins — Built-in objects" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">3.6.7 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="python.html" >29. 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